Japanese Myths: Origins, Cultural Influence, and impact on Business Practices

With their rich tapestry of gods, spirits and legendary creatures, Japanese myths have always been an important aspect of Japan's cultural and historical identity. The myths originated in ancient Shinto beliefs and were later influenced by Buddhism. They have impacted not only Japanese culture but also business practices in Japan.

Origins of Japanese Myths

The primary sources of Japanese mythology are the "Kojiki" (Records of Ancient Matters) and the "Nihon Shoki" (Chronicles of Japan), both compiled in the 8th century. These texts detail the creation myths, the divine origins of the Japanese imperial family, and the exploits of various deities. Central to these myths is the Shinto religion, Japan's indigenous spirituality, which reveres kami (spirits or gods) that inhabit natural elements and ancestral spirits.

Creation myths:

The Japanese creation myth centres around the divine couple, Izanagi and Izanami, who gave birth to the islands of Japan and various deities. Their story is a foundational narrative that underscores the sacredness of the Japanese land and its people. The earliest creation myths feature subjects such as death, decay, loss, infanticide, and contamination. Purification, ceremonial order, and the masculine are important themes.

Amaterasu and the imperial lineage: Amaterasu, the sun goddess, is one of the most venerated deities in Shinto myths. According to myth, the Japanese imperial family descends from her, which establishes a divine legitimacy and a spiritual connection between the nation and its leadership.

Kami: Japanese gods are called kami and there are at least eight million of them. Most are associated with natural features and phenomena, and they take many forms including hybrids of humans and animals.

Yokai: in Japanese mythology, Yokai are supernatural beings. Many are animal-like in form, others are humanoid. Certain Yokai resemble inanimate objects, and some have no discernible shape. Yokai typically have supernatural abilities with shapeshifting being the most common trait associated with these spirits.

Folk heroes: as in many cultures, Japanese myths relate tales not only of spiritual beings but also of folk heroes. Many are associated with specific locations while others are well known across the country. Some heroes are believed to have been real people, such as the forty-seven rōnin, but their stories are those of people with special gifts, powers, or knowledge. Many of the tales function as parables that provide warnings of the dangers of human traits including greed and envy.

Cultural Influence

Japanese myths have profoundly influenced various aspects of cultural life, from literature and art to festivals and daily customs.

Literature and Art: Many classical Japanese literary works, such as "The Tale of Genji" and various Noh plays, draw heavily from mythological themes. Visual arts, including ukiyo-e prints and contemporary manga and anime, often depict mythological stories and characters, preserving and propagating these ancient tales.

Festivals and Rituals: Traditional festivals (matsuri) often have their roots in Shinto rituals and so celebrate local deities and seasonal changes. For example, the Gion Matsuri in Kyoto is dedicated to appeasing gods and spirits to prevent natural disasters.

Daily Life and Superstitions: Japanese myths influence everyday life through various superstitions and customs. Practices such as visiting shrines, making offerings, and participating in purification rituals reflect the deep-seated belief in the spiritual world.

Impact on Business Practices

The influence of Japanese mythology extends into the business world, shaping corporate culture, marketing strategies, and brand identity. Japanese myths are many and varied, featuring tales of both spiritual beings and human heroes. But the myths consistently feature themes of hierarchical order, internalization, cleanliness, respect for the environment and minimalism. These themes certainly impact every aspect of business and culture in Japan.

Marketing and Branding: Companies often draw on mythological themes to create strong brand identities. For instance, the imagery of cranes and turtles, symbols of longevity and good fortune in Japanese folklore, are commonly used in logos and advertisements to convey trust and prosperity. Branding with Japanese myths, including modern interpretations of Japanese myths, works well for businesses in Japan and may help foreign companies.

Corporate Culture: Many Japanese companies emphasize values such as harmony (wa), respect for nature, and loyalty, which are deeply rooted in Shinto and Buddhist principles. The concept of "kaizen" (continuous improvement) also reflects the mythological ideal of striving towards perfection and balance. The reflection of Japanese myths in business extends beyond the mere use of imagery in branding.

Products and Services: Traditional crafts and modern products alike frequently incorporate mythological motifs. Sake breweries, for example, may invoke the god of sake, Susanoo, in their branding to highlight tradition and quality. Similarly, entertainment companies producing games and anime often build narratives around mythological characters and stories, appealing to cultural nostalgia and curiosity.

Conclusion

Japanese myths, with their intricate narratives and profound symbolism, continue to be a cornerstone of Japanese society and cultural values. From ancient rituals to contemporary business practices, these myths provide a rich source of inspiration and identity, reinforcing the connection between Japan's storied past and its dynamic present. As Japan continues to evolve, the timeless allure of its myths remains a vital and vibrant part of its national fabric.